ANTS

Ants are eusocial insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related families of wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera. They are a diverse group of more than 12,000 species, with a higher diversity in the tropics. They are known for their highly organized colonies and nests, which sometimes consist of millions of individuals. Individuals are divided into sub-fertile, and more commonly sterile, females ("workers", "soldiers", and other castes), fertile males ("drones"), and fertile females ("queens"). Colonies can occupy and use a wide area of land to support themselves. Ant colonies are sometimes described as superorganisms because the colony appears to operate as a unified entity.

HARVESTER TERMITE (Hodotermitidae)

A harvester termite's nest is entirely subterranean and above the ground the only evidence of their nest is soil dumps which are deposited by the workers. Underground however their nest consists of several hives which are interconnected by wide passages. Narrower galleries then link the  hives with the soil surface. The hives are made of  faecal carton and are generally not bigger than 60 cm in diameter are used as nurseries and storage of food. The entire nest however can extend over several kilometers and  some hives have been found at depths of up to 6 metres. The main foraging time of the worker is at night in summer and during the day in winter. They forage mainly on grass and are a notorious pest of pastures, lawns, bowling greens, sports fields etc. but they will also pursue any non-woody material containing cellulose, including thatch, paper, linen, clothes and curtains.

APHIDS

Many, but far from all, aphids are monophagous (i.e. feeding only on 1 species of plant). Others, like Myzus persicae feed on hundreds of plant species across many families. Similarly to related families, aphids passively feed on sap of phloem vessels in plants. This sap being kept under high pressure, once a phloem vessel is punctured, it is forced into the food canal. As they feed, aphids often transmit plant viruses to their food plants. These viruses can sometimes kill the plants. Some species of ants "farm" aphids, protecting them on the plant they eat, and eating the honeydew that the aphids release from their anus; this is a mutualistic relationship. Aphid honeydew is rich in carbohydrates, of which the aphids ingest an excess, being phloem-feeders.